COMPARE TWO POTENTIAL RIVER OR SEA FRONT DEVELOPMENTS FOR ONE CITY Assignment

COMPARE TWO POTENTIAL RIVER OR SEA FRONT DEVELOPMENTS FOR ONE CITY WITH THE INTENTION OF ATTRACTING TOURISTS - Assignment Example West Pier was Brighton's second pier, connecting The 1823 Royal Suspension Chain Pier and was considered one of only two Grade I documented piers in the UK, apart from Clevedon Pier (Royal Town Planning Institute 1900). The necessity to restore glory has seen Brighton i360 conception. The i360 is a designed 183-metre (600Â  ft) watching tower constructed within the seafront of Brighton, next to the West Pier. Strategy and plan were submitted in June 2006 and were accepted by Brighton and Hove City committee on 11 October 2006 with building projected to commence in 2007. The comparison is drawn in that while Brighton and Hove's i360 seafront observing tower develops the West Pier strategies to be reassessed. 2. Background Due to adversity of weather pattern that has been limiting tourism industry or limiting tourist to particular seasons. The building of i360 would cut the barriers and allow tourism throughout the year. This would be possible due to an aerodynamic pod, heated in wint er, air-conditioned in the summer and accommodating more than 200 persons at a time. This is an opportunity to allow growth in Brighton and Hove after the fall of West Pier (Best 1974). A conservation team searched for new concepts to salvage Brighton and Hove’s deteriorated West Pier. The West Pier Trust drew up a brief for architectures to submit new plans to save the construction on Brighton’s sea front. At the trust’s yearly general conference, Chairman Glynn Jones supposed a successful strategy must harmonize the proposed i360 watching tower had to be constructed and become successful (Leo 2013). 3. Presentation of options Presentation choices involve assessment why the tower building would be recommendable as a tourist site. In this section, the concept of view is put under consideration and the new pier compared with the old one. 3.1. The Observation Tower An observation tower is a construction applied to view events from an extensive reserve and to gener ate a full 360 degree variety of vision. These structures are typically at least 20 metres (65.6Â  ft) high and constructed of iron, stone, and wood. Many contemporary towers are also utilized as restaurants, TV towers, or churches. At 175 metres tall and incorporated with an observation pod approximately 141 metres, the i360 will be Britain's uppermost observation tower remote of London – higher compared to the London Eye (Else 2013). At about four metres broad, the i360 has a willowy, elegant plan. Located on the edge of the Grade II* Regency Square, this structure will make an optimistic benefit to the Regency Square Conservation region, adding optical interest and improving its appearance and character. At the base of the pier will be a shop and hospitality structure and a restaurant and cafe serving for up to 400 persons. Intended to use as little power as necessary over its existence, the Brighton i360 is not merely a great experience for tourists, but will avail socia l and ecological benefits to Brighton & Hove. The observation tower will be a stylish 21st

Social Network - Facebook Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social Network - Facebook - Research Proposal Example It represents the realization of the concept known as citizen journalism which allows anybody to become a mass communicator. In doing this, there are a number of ethical issues on its implementation, more often than not people lie a lot about themselves and the posts they make on Facebook, which is a feature that is of great concern on the information that people consume on such social platforms. Furthermore, these platforms provide the perfect infrastructure for impersonation and other forms of social vices. Besides the numerous ethical concerns about the use of the social media, this platform has also enhanced the forms of cybercrimes. Cybercrime is also a new term in security, which infers to the use of the internet to commit crimes. Facebook provides a perfect platform for intensified interaction, which enables criminals to observe the activities of their victims. It further forms a perfect platform for blackmail and a means of extortion from the unsuspecting public. Impersonatio n is a trending feature on Facebook, one in which people run fake accounts for public figures such as politicians and other celebrities. Some of such users are unscrupulous enough to extort money from their users in the disguise for favors associated with the real names of celebrities. The ability to maintain a high level of anonymity allows these users the privilege of staying unidentified. The internet introduced a number of online payment mechanisms which therefore make possible the cyber crimes and the numerous extortion schemes. The research further investigates the forms of cybercrime on this social platform and the possible targets of such criminal acts. The literature review is a mandatory segment in researches. In this part, the researcher analyzes preexisting knowledge on the topic. Facebook and social network are two new terminologies following the advent of the internet. The growth of social media has been significant over the years (Aggarwal, 2011). However, the two hav e attracted a substantial attention from researchers resulting in adequate literature addressing their usage and the ethical concerns they present. Cyber crimes have been in existence since the 1980s following the invention of the internet. This implies that the topic has adequate literature material describing its uniqueness and the mode of societal infiltration. An effective analysis of the literature develops a background on which the research runs (Goddard & Melville, 2001). This research seeks to analyse the ethical concerns that arise on the use of this global social platform. Vices such as cybersex are common (Stenzel and Melissa, 2011). In doing this, the research uses a unique structure of data collection and analysis. Facebook, just as any other social network, is availed on any internet network. This implies that it enjoys the features of the internet such as unlimited access, interactivity, and multimodality among others. With the employment of these features, it becomes very convenient carrying out the research. The research employs a unique data collection strategy referred to as content analysis. This is used in conjunction with the other traditional data collection strategies such as the use of interviews, observations, and using questionnaires. Content analysis is a data collection method in which the researcher simply analyses the Facebook accounts and profiles of friends and other available users (Goddard & Melville, 2001). Facebook allows anybody to view any page provided the owners make the pages public. This thus gives the research methodology the convenience of conducting the research from the confines of one’

Background To Al Tayeb Salih English Language Essay

Background To Al Tayeb Salih English Language Essay The current research addresses the dilemma of translating cultural terms especially in literary works. It aims at shedding some light on the problems that translators, particularly between Arabic and English, face with dealing with cultural terms and on the decisions made by these translators to overcome these problems. The Wedding of Zein, written by the Sudanese distinguished novelist Al-Tayeb Salih and translated into English by the well-known translator Denys Johnson-Davies, has been chosen as a study case to be analysed. The data collected will be categorised according to the procedures proposed by Vladimir Ivir (1997) and by the scale of domestication (translators visibility) and foreignsation (translators invisibility) proposed by Lawrence Venuti (1995/1998). The current study, however, consists of four main sections. In the first section, the background of the novel, the writer, and the translator is highlighted. Moreover, the aims of the study and the methodology are stated. The second section reviews the techniques and procedures put forwarded by different translation theorists, with special focus on Ivirs work (1997). The work of Venuti (1995/1998) is discussed in section two. The data collected from the source text and the translated text will be analysed in section three. Finally, section four contains the conclusion and the findings. 1.1 Background to Al-Tayeb Salih and The Wedding of Zein Al-Tayeb Salih (full name: Al-Tayeb Mohammed Salih Ahmed) 1929-2009. He was a well-known Sudanese novelist and short-story writer. He was born in a small village called Karmakoul in northern Sudan and died in London. Buried in Sudan, his funeral was attended by the Sudanese president. His father was Sufi and named his son after a famous Sufism sheikh. He had spent his childhood in his small village before he moved to Khartoum to get a degree in Science. Later, he moved to England and attended the University of London to get a degree in the International Political Affairs. Al-Tayeb started his career life as a headmaster for a short time before he moved to work in the Arabic section in the BBC and, later, headed the drama section in it. Then, he came back to work in the Sudanese radio before he moved to Qatar and worked as a supervisor in the Ministry of Information. He ended up the last ten years in his career life with UNESCO in Paris and Gulf Area. It is worthy mentioning here that during his work in the BBC, Al-Tayeb used to write, for more than ten years, a weekly column for a London- based Arabic magazine called al Majalla in which he explored various literary issues. Moving from one country to another and from one city to another spurs Al-Tayeb to highlight the conflict between the Western and Eastern cultures and the differences between the Arab world and the Western world in his writings. In an interview (MBC 1994), Al-Tayeb mentions that he starts his literary life as a poet and that: Ù† ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Øلؠ³Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Ù† ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ Øلؠ´ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ ± Ùˆ Ù† Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ´ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ Ùˆ Øلؠ³ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ Ù†¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€  ØÙ† Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒËœ Ù†¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ·ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Ø ¯Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ÃƒËœ Ø ¨ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ «ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ª ØÙ† Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒËœ Ø ¬ÃƒËœÃ‚ ²ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¡ Ù†¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Øلؠ¹ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Øلؠ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   My translation: We, the Sudaneses, love and recite poetry because we always need to proof our affiliation to the Arab World. Al-Tayeb, who is entitled the genius of the Arabic novel in the literary circles, belongs to the modern Arabic Realistic School which includes big names like Naguib Mahfouz (1911-2006) and Taha Hussein (1889- 1973) and many others. He wrote three novels and some short stories. His novels which gained a world-wide reputation and translated into many languages are: Ù†¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Øلن¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¬ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Øلن° Øلؠ´Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ The season of migration to the north (1966), Ø ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ Øلؠ²Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   The wedding of Zein (1969) and Ø ¨Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ´ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Bandarshah in two parts (1971/1979). Some critics claim that these novels form a trilogy similar to Naguib Mahfouzs famous trilogy (1956-1957). The season of migration to the north is translated into thirty languages and chosen among the best 100 novels in the world and in 2001 it is declared the best Arabic novel in the twentieth century by the Arab Literary Academy. His novel The Wedding of Zein was made into a drama in Libya and into a film by the Kuwaiti filmmaker Khalid Siddiq who won an award in the Cannes Festival in the late 1970s. In 2005, Newsweek magazine chose Al-Tayeb among the most 43 influential characters in the Arab World and despite that he did not win Noble Prize, he was always one of the strongest candidates for it. In recognition of his contribution to the Arabic literature, a film, produced by Al- Jazeera Documentary, highlighting the different stages of Al-Tayebs life has been released in his first death anniversary in February 2010. In his second death anniversary, an award named Al-Tayeb Salih International Award for Creative Writing has been launched. Ø ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ Øلؠ²Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   , or The Wedding of Zein, is Al-Tayebs second successful novel in which he mixes reality with myth to form what is called ØلوØقؠ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Øلؠ³ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Magic Realism. The novel is about a young villager called Zein. He is odd in appearance and behaviour. Sometimes he is naÃÆ' ¯ve or Darwish and sometimes you find him chasing the girls of the village from one place to another. What is funny that Zein has made a reputation for himself as the man who falls in love over and over with girls who promptly marry other men; to the point where mothers seek him out in hopes that he will draw the eye of suitors to their daughters. One aspect of Zeins strangeness is that: ÙÅ  Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ Øلؠ£ÃƒËœÃ‚ ·Ãƒâ„¢Ã‚ ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ Ù ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Øلؠ­Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø ¨ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ µÃƒËœÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ®ÃƒËœÃ…’ ولكÙ†  ÙÅ  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ° Ø £Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Øلؠ²Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   ÙˆØلؠ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ° Ø £Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ ÙˆØلن ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ¡ ØللØØ ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   Ø ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¶ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   ولØØ ¯ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ…’ Ø £Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ Ù†¦ÃƒËœ Ù†¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ Øلؠ£ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¶ÃƒËœÃ…’ ØÙ† Ãƒâ„¢Ã‚ ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¬ÃƒËœÃ‚ ± Ø ¶ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ„¢Ã†â€™ÃƒËœ. Ù ˆØ ¸Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ Ù†¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã†â€™ÃƒËœÃ‚ °ÃƒËœ Ø ·Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ Ø ­Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡. (Ø µÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ…’ Øلؠ·Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ 7:1986) as is well known, children meet life with screams. With Zein, however, it is recounted- and the authorities for this are his mother and the women who attended his birth- that no sooner did he come into this world than he burst out laughing. And so it was throughout his life. (Salih, Al-Tayeb 1969: 33). The two main characters of the novel, beside Zein, are Al-Haneen, the Sufi Sheikh, who has a good relationship with Zein and represents the mythic side of the novel and Nima, Zeins beautiful rich cousin, who is the only girl that Zein respects and cannot flirt her and she represents the realistic aspect of the novel. The main event of the novel is the marriage of Zein and Nima which shocked all people in the village because it is unusual for ugliness and poverty (Zein) to unite with beauty and richness (Nima). The events of the novel take place in a week; from the spreading of the marriage news to the wedding party which ends up the novel. A Western critic comments on The Wedding of Zein: Ùˆ Øكؠ«ÃƒËœÃ‚ ± Ù†¦ÃƒËœ ÙÅ  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¬ÃƒËœÃ‚ °ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   Øلن° Ø ·ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Øلؠ·Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ Ø µÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ Ù Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   ØلكØ ªÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ù†¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€  Ù†¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã‚ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ Ø ­Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ ØلقØ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Øلؠ°Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   ÙÅ  Ãƒâ„¢Ã†â€™ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ Ø ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ØÙ† Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ ÙÅ  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Ø ¨Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¸ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ù†¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ ©ÃƒËœÃ…’ Ùˆ ÙÅ  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€  ØلقØØ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¦ Øلن° Øلؠ¶ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ„¢Ã†â€™ Ùâ € ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚  [1]  ÃƒËœÃ…’ ØÙˆ Ø ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ° ØÙ„Øقل Øلن° ØÙ„ØØ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚  [2]  . Ø ºÃƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ± ØÙ†  Ù†¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ °ÃƒËœ Øلن¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã‚  ÙÅ  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ·Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   ØØ ³ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ÃƒËœ Ø ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ° ØلؠªÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ·Ãƒâ„¢Ã‚ . Ù ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ° Ø ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ÃƒËœ Ù† ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¬ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Ù†¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¶ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ„¢Ã†â€™Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   للØ ºÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ©ÃƒËœÃ…’ Ù ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Ø ¬Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ Øلؠ´ÃƒËœÃ‚ ®ÃƒËœÃ‚ µÃƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ª Ø ªÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã‚ ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¸ Ø ¨Ãƒâ„¢Ã†â€™Ã ƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ…’ Ùˆ ØÙ† Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   Ù„ØØ ¬ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ Ù Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   Ù†¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ °ÃƒËœ Ù† Ãƒâ„¢Ã‚ ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ù†¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ ´ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ Ù†¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ·ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã…   للØ ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ Ù†¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Øلؠ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ª ØÙ„ØÙ† Ãƒâ„¢Ã†â€™Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ùˆ ØÙ„ØÙ†¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã†â€™Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ©ÃƒËœÃ…’ ØلؠªÃƒâ„¢Ã…   ÙÅ  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€  Ù Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ÃƒËœ كل ØÙ† ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Ø ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ØلقÙÅ  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ©ÃƒËœÃ…’ Ø ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ° Ùâ €žÃ™Å  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ ØلقØØ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¦ Ø ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ÃƒËœ Ø ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ÃƒËœ Ø ¨ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¤Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã‚  Øلن° ØلكØ ªÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Ù†¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ «Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ Ù†¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ °Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ Øلؠ´ÃƒËœÃ‚ ®ÃƒËœÃ‚ µÃƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ ª ØلؠªÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã‚ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ ©. (Ù†¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ùˆ Ø ¢ÃƒËœÃ‚ ®ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   1981: 201-202) My translation What attracted me in Al-Tayeb Salihs way of writing is his attitude to the villagers. He sees them in a funny way and invites readers to laugh at them or, at least, smile. However, behind this attitude is a feeling of sympathy. Despite that we find these characters funny, but all of them keep their dignity. I find a refreshing whiff in this. After reading many American and English novels, readers may ask about the reason of writing about some inane characters in these novels. 1.2 A word on the translator of The Wedding of Zein Denys Johnson-Davies (1922- ), a renowned English translator of the Arabic literature, was born in Vancouver, Canada. He had spent his first years in Sudan, Egypt, Uganda, and Kenya, before he was sent to England at age 12. In 1930s, he attended Cambridge University and studied oriental languages. He started his career life with the BBC between 1941 and 1945. In the same year, he moved to Egypt to work in the British Council in Cairo as a translator and then started a journey of more than sixty years with the Arabic literature. In Cairo, he met the pioneers of the modern Arabic literature and made friendships with some many of them. In an interview, Denys states that when I arrived to Egypt in 1945, I was the only translator into English at that timeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ I was dictator in my field at that time and I enjoyed this. (AUC 2011).He also expresses his attitude towards translation as a profession: Translation is real hard work. Its also not appreciated. If you get your name anywh ere on the book at all, youre very lucky. I wouldve preferred to have been a writer.'(ibid.). In 2006, he published his memoirs under the title: A life between the lines of Arabic literature. In 2007, he was awarded the Sheikh Zayed Book Award as the Culture Personality of the Year. Referred to as the leading Arabic-English translator of our time by Edward Said, there is no translator in the West who conveyed the Arabic literature to the occidental reader than Denys did. His translations are not limited to one literary genre; he translated short stories, novels, plays, and poems or as he states that when I enjoy reading something, I decide to translate it (ibid.). He is also interested in Islamic studies and is co-translator of three volumes of Prophetic Hadith. Al-Tayeb Salih, however, has a special place for Denys who translated Al-Tayebs all three novels. When asked about his favorite writer to translate, Denys unhesitatingly answered Al-Tayeb Salihà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ I feel that his work is very simple, very direct, and that theres nothing pretentious at all about ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ I enjoy Al-Tayeb Salih works more than any other Arabic writersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ I am a great fan of AL-Tayeb Salih. (ibid.). 1.3 Literary Translation Literary text, as an expressive text type by Reiss (1977/1989), has a set of typical features. Jones (2009:152) summarises a wide range of viewpoints about the features attributed to literary texts: They have a written base-form, though they may also be spoken; they enjoy canonicity (high social prestige); they fulfil an affective/aesthetic rather than transactional or informational function, aiming to provoke emotions and/or entertain rather than influence or inform; they have no real-world truth-value i.e. they are judged as fictional, whether fact-based or not; they feature words, images, etc., with ambiguous and/or indeterminable meanings; they are characterized by poetic language use (where language form is important in its own right, as with word-play or rhyme) and heteroglossia (i.e. they contain more than one voice); and they may draw on minoritized styles styles outside the dominant standard, for example slang or archaism. Depending on the above features of literary works, literary translation is unique in some aspects: First, literary texts, as opposed to non-literary texts, are characterized by rhetorical and aesthetic value, which is the essence expected to be captured and maintained in a literary translation. Literary works are created artistically by increasing the difficulty and length of perception, which leads to defamiliarization (Shklovsky, 1917, quoted in Pilkington, 2000: 18). Once the defamiliarization is comprehended by the translators or readers, a unique sensation is created. To reproduce the rhetorical and aesthetic value is one of the main tasks for literary translators. Second, literary translators choices of wording are highly dependent on the target language (TL) and culture. Literary texts are solidly rooted in the source language (SL) and culture, yet due to linguistic or cultural differences, literal translations might fail to gain acceptability. How to cope with the linguistic and cultural differences is a crucial question for literary translators. Third, a consideration of the target audiences is another important issue in literary translation. Literary translation always has a readership which is likely to be quite different from the one the writer originally had in mind. A good translation of any text from any period will, most often, only be good in the context of a particular audience at a particular time and place. A good English translation of Salihs The Wedding of Zein, for example, for people in England in 1960 might not be a good translation for people in Australia in 2010. Finally, literary translation is a complicated act, and to this effect, there is no definite correct translation; yet there is an appropriate translation according to certain criteria. Stylistic approaches to translation studies supply a theoretical perspective, which identify the style as the essence of literary translations. 1.4 Aims of the study The ultimate aim of the current research is to investigate the extent to which Denys Johnson-Davies is successful in dealing with cultural terms in his translation of The Wedding of Zein. This overall goal can be achieved through a set of research questions: 1. What are the different techniques utilised by the translator to convey Arabic cultural terms into his English translation? 2. Does the translator domesticate or foreignise his translation? 3. Does the translators overall strategy to domesticate or foreignise his translation affect his decision to use some certain techniques rather than others in conveying cultural items? 1.5 Methodology: An Integrated Approach In this research, two approaches will be combined to form the theoretical frame of my dissertation. These two approaches will work together in an attempt to answer the research questions. The first approach is Ivirs (1987) seven procedures to translate cultural items. Although many researchers have proposed different procedures and techniques to translate cultural references, Ivirs procedures have been chosen for their comprehensiveness, clearness, and directness. The other part of this integrated approach is Venutis (1995/1998) work on domestication (translators visibility) and foreignsation (translators invisibility). Ivirs procedures to translate cultural items form the lower layer of this integrated approach. They represent the tools used by the translator to reflect his overall strategy towards the text being translated. The overall strategy is the upper layer which is represented by Venutis domestication or foreignsation. In other words, any translator who is dealing with cultural terms has to make two interrelated decisions. Firstly, he needs to decide whether, depending on some certain considerations such as the reader, the place, and the time, he will domesticate or foreignise his translated text. This is a text-level decision. Secondly, and accordingly, he has to decide which specific procedure to choose to deal with every single cultural term in the text. This is a cultural term-level decision. In order to realise the mechanism of this approach, let us consider this simple example. If a translator into English decides to adopt domestication as his overall strategy (text-level decision) to translate a text from Arabic, he may convey, for example, Ø µÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ © Øلن¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ºÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ into English by defining it (cultural term-level decision) as: Maghrib Prayer, the fourth daily prayer for Muslims prayed just after the sunset. On the contrary, if he adopts foreignsation as a text-level strategy, he simply translates Ø µÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃƒËœÃ‚ © Øلن¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ºÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ as Maghrib Prayer.

Arts and Politics in Fifth Century Athens

The 5th century proved to be the height of cultural and intellectual progression in Athens. Athens, during the 5th century, is an emerging powerful city-state whose military and organized political system is recognized by the world. At the pinnacle of democratic government within Athens there has been an undergoing active exchange of intellectual activities hailing from the philosophers and the artists which includes poets, tragedians, sculptors, etc. The cultural and intellectual achievements that happened in Athens are equated with its political institution – democracy (Join Association of Classical Teachers, 2003, p. 284).This struggle is an apparent purpose of influencing the masses through public participation whether in debates, tragedies, or any form of rhetoric to be able to persuade people. Philosophers and poets alike became involved in a politically active environment aimed for political power through intellectual influence. Intellectuals such as Aristotle, Sophocle s, Plato, and Socrates became successful in propagating their respective wisdom in different medium such as tragedies or impromptu debates. The latter is most commonly used by Socrates in which he initiated questions about morality, truth, and freedom to a common man.When most thinkers used rhetoric to get political power and influence, Socrates concentrated on the ethical and morality within debates and critical-thinking. In Plato’s Crito, Socrates has criticized the way intellectuals have run the political unit of Athens. He emphasized that is the men who ruled and implemented the laws who are wrong and not the law itself. From this perspective, the intellectuals who run Athens under corrupt ways can be the reason why Socrates did not participate in the politics of Athens.Instead he reached to the ordinary men to ignite debates and makes them realize how it is to be a good citizen behaving under the laws of morality and the laws of the state. This intellectual struggle betw een the philosophers and the poets might have been the glamorous side of Athens, but it also became the cause of its downfall, as intellectual men clouded by self-interests interpreted the Athenian laws in their own hands, thus, even bringing down their wisest thinker of all time. Reference Joint Association of Classical Teachers. (2003). The World of Athens. UK: Cambridge University Press.

My Family Essay - 1091 Words

No one can’t meet a family like mine’s. My family is well diversified. Every family member plays an important role in all my family’s lives. In my family, there are four people: my father, my mother, my little brother and me. My father is one who brings money home and is also responsible for organizing and planning family trips. My mother is the one who is in charge for making meals and makes sure everyone eats at the appropriate times. My little brother is the pet of the family. He actually doesn’t have any responsibilities, for he’s the pet. I am the rock of support in my family. I always go beyond my parents’ expectations. I also support my younger cousins and little brother, by being a role model that they can look up to. Another†¦show more content†¦Doing what my parents tell me to do is just one of many reasons why I am a rock of support for my family. Not only do I support my parents, but I also support my younger cousins and brother. As an eldest brother and cousin, I feel I must be a good example for the young ones. There are numerous methods of showing my cousins and brother support. One main way is by providing advice on making the right choices. For example my brother had a problem at school with one of his classmates. As a mature and responsible older brother, I advised him to use the non-violent approach. I told him to go discuss the problem and try to resolve it peacefully. My brother then asked me why he shouldn’t fight his classmate. I explained how violence is the answer to anything. I advised him to first talk to his classmate in a professional manner. If then things get out of hand, I told him to let the teacher know the situation. In the end, my brother didn’t need to get the teacher involved. In fact, their conflict was resolved by talking through with each other. I also am very supportive of my little cousins. One way I help them out is by tutoring them once in a while. They come over to my house and I assist them with their school work. Not only I help my cousins with their homework, but I also support them recreationally. I play various sports and activities with them. As their older cousin/brother, I feel I should be a good role model to follow. I am also known for being thereShow MoreRelatedMy Family Of The Family1312 Words   |  6 Pages Because my parents’ families are so different, there are few strengths common to all three family sculptures. One strength that applies in most cases is that children near each other in age tend to have close relationships. My family of origin was broken down into pairs: Steven and Daniel, Julia and Michael, Alyssa and Natalie, and Matthew and Emily. All of these paired relationships were generally healthy, and it was within these pairs that we were assigned roles within the family. Because of thisRead MoreMy Family Of The Family1061 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction A person’s family of original is their family he or she grew up in (Welch). This could be a family someone was brought up in or adopted into (Welch). In my case, my family of origin is my family related by blood because I grew up in this household my entire life. There are many types of subfamilies such as single parent families, childless or childfree families, stepfamilies, cohabiting, and same sex families. I was raised in a traditional family and so have all my ancestors tracing backRead MoreMy Family : A Family1205 Words   |  5 PagesMy family comes from a very different background between both my parents. In this family tree summary I will describe how my family emigrated from Ireland in the late 1800s and early 1900s to seek a different lifestyle. My mother and father come from very different backgrounds medically and with very different upbringings. My father, John, side of the family is very different from my mothers. My great great grandparents arrived from Ireland in the late 1800s arriving from Dublin in hope for a brighterRead MoreMy Family Of The Family1594 Words   |  7 PagesOur family of origin plays a large role in socializing us. Specifically, our family of origin â€Å"is the family in which we are raised and socialized to adhere to the customs and norms of the culture in which we live† (Welch, 2012, pg. 6). Who our family members are and how they live their lives influences us, helping to make us into the people we become. I owe a lot to all of my family members and a love them all very much. I grew up in a very family oriented environment which makes me place aRead MoreMy Family : A Family1474 Words   |  6 Pageslearned that my family may not be as dysfunctional as I thought. 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He has a highRead MoreMy Family Of The Family Tree2126 Words   |  9 PagesI derive most of my identity from my Mother’s side of the family tree, so this autobiography will be a little lopsided; much like my personality. My maternal grandmother’s family came from Sonder Stenderup of Jutland, Denmark and my maternal grandfather’s family is of German descent. The original family name was Gron, however my great grandfather change the surname to Green in order to sound more American. My mothe r’s grandparents came from Jutland, Denmark in 1905 and my grandmother was born in

Cult of True Womanhood Womens Suffrage - 1299 Words

In the 1840’s, most of American women were beginning to become agitated by the morals and values that were expected of womanhood. â€Å"Historians have named this the ’Cult of True Womanhood’: that is, the idea that the only ‘true’ woman was a pious, submissive wife and mother concerned exclusively with home and family† (History.com). Voting was only the right of men, but women were on the brink to let their voices be heard. Women pioneers such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott wrote eleven resolutions in The Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments; this historical document demanded abolishment of any laws that authorized unequal treatment of women and to allow for passage of a suffrage amendment. More than three hundred†¦show more content†¦This document became a huge first step forward towards women’s suffrage. Unfortunately, this victory was short-lived due to the newspapers printing derision articles about the convention and tarnishing their exposure of equality. A few days after the convention participates requested to have their signatures removed, due to ridicule from the newspapers. The papers were malicious, predominantly on the subject of female voting. The Philadelphia’s Public Ledger bluntly stated that no woman would want to vote, â€Å"A woman is nobody. A wife is everything. The ladies of Philadelphia, are resolved to maintain their rights as Wives, Belles, Virgins and Mothers† (Rynder). The road to equal rights for women were proving to be difficult in a man’s world. â€Å"Our friends gave us the cold shoulder, and felt themselves disgraced by the whole proceeding, complained Stanton† (Rynder). Refusing to give up, Stanton wrote to every newspaper article in the country to rebuttal against any negative comments that were published about the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments. In the hope that, â€Å"It will start women thinking, and men, too† stated Stanton (Rynder). Furthermore, Stanton’s aggressive approach helped spread the word about the Seneca FallsShow MoreRelatedA Vindication Of The Rights Of Women1560 Words   |  7 Pagesthat women were granted suffrage. To put that in perspective, in the United States, women have been voting for less than 100 years. With Mary Wollstonecraft’s book, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: with Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects being published in 1792 and launching 19th century feminism and the fight for women’s rights going since then, many would think that equality would be here by now.Unfortunately, it is not. However, women did receive suffrage in the United States on AugustRead MoreThe Subordinate Status Of Women927 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica due to the implementation of the English doctrine that husbands are legally able to physically discipline their wives and children if deemed necessary (Garcia, 2010; Gelles, 1997). Among the many constructs of the English law, the separate women’s sphere ideology, which designated a woman’s place within her family as a private sphere (i.e. home and family), while a man protected and provided for her through the public sphere (i.e. work and politics) (Garcia, 2010). Although wife batteringRead MoreThe Fight For Women s Rights1359 Words   |  6 Pagesfight for women’s rights has been a long and ongoing battle. It was not until the twentieth century that the majority of women demanded legal and social rights for themselves. Society’s way of thinking in the eighteenth century was a patriarchal and conservative one. Women stayed at home and took care of the family while the men went to work, and while there was some opposition to this, the majority of men and women did not mind. This can be seen in the formation and vast acceptance of the Cult of DomesticityRead MoreThe Fight For Women Suffrage1892 Words   |  8 PagesAbigail Adams’s words were one of the first noted mentions in the United States foreshadowing the beginning of an extensive suppressed battle towards women’s suffrage. The fight for women suffrage was a movement in which women, and some men included, pleaded for equal rights regarding voting and women’s voice within the political realm. Women’s suffrage was not a matter of instant success; it endured a prolonged time to achieve. It was not until August 1920, about 14 decades subsequent after AbigailRead MoreWomen s Suffrage : The Long Resisted Struggle Of Equal Right Voting1905 Words   |  8 PagesNationalizing Women’s Suffrage: The long resisted struggle of equal right voting â€Å"Remember the ladies†, wrote boldly by the soon to be First Lady Abigail Adams to her husband John Adams in March 1776. Abigail Adams’s words were one of the first noted mentions in the United States foreshadowing the beginning of a long suppressed battle towards women’s suffrage. The fight for women suffrage was a movement in which women, and some men included, pleaded for equal rights regarding voting and women’s voiceRead MoreWomen s Suffrage Of Women1435 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica that was achieved through hard work and perseverance. The campaign for women’s suffrage began in earnest in the decades before the Civil War. During the 1820s and 30s. American women were beginning to question what historians called the â€Å"Cult of True Womanhood.† Historians believed that the only â€Å"true† woman was a pious, submissive wife and mother concerned exclusively with home and family (The Fight for Women’s Suffrage. par 2). An important motivator to opposing this way of thinking was TheRead MoreEssay on Womens Equality1376 Words   |  6 PagesIn the 1800’s a women was suppose to have four things Piety, Purity, submissiveness, and domesticity. These principles shaped the â€Å"Cult of True Womanhood† an idea that women were to be seen but not heard. Women had no say when it came to politics, they couldn’t own property, they were not allowed to do many jobs, and they couldn’t even speak in front of men. They had the duty to be a mother and raise their children but e ven thought they had this responsibility it was the husband who had the completeRead MoreWomen s Rights During The Civil War1628 Words   |  7 PagesRight to Vote â€Å"While the word suffrage, derived from the Latin â€Å"Suffragium,† simply refers to the right to vote, the modern connotation specifically calls to mind the women’s suffrage movements of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Part of the larger social movement of Women’s Rights and the fight for equality within patriarchal societies , the Women’s Suffrage Movement in the United States spans a seventy-two year period† (Dolton 31)The campaign for women’s suffrage began in the decades beforeRead MorePublic Activities of Women in the Early United States Essay1947 Words   |  8 PagesUntil more recent scholarly attention in the field of Women’s Studies, the economic history of the colonial United States was almost entirely given from a male perspective. Women in the early United States played a variety of roles in the formation of the new nation, but often times, these roles were dependent on race, class, and geographical distincti ons. Despite the differences, however, overarching patterns existed, reflecting a common public attitude toward women at the time. Economic opportunitiesRead MoreExamining the Cult of Domesticity3661 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿During the middle of the nineteenth century, a so-called cult of domesticity arose in the United States and Great Britain predicated upon a number of assumptions regarding the proper role of women in society, and it served to protect male hegemony during a period of historical upheaval. According to Godeys Ladys Book, one of the most successful magazines of the period, the perfection of womanhood... is the wife and mother, the center of the family, that magnet that draws man to the domestic

School Dress Codes One Of The Most Enforced School Policies

School Dress Codes: one of the most enforced school policies of all time for students of any age and gender. Of course, everyone has their opinion about what is too short or too long, what is too low or too high, and what is too tight or too loose; however, according to schools, middle school and high school girls are all â€Å"indecent†, or how the students put it, whorish. Because of this, there are very specific rules, right down to the T, about what girls can and cannot wear while on school grounds. As the handbook says, â€Å"Skirts, dresses, and shorts cannot be more than 2  ¼ inches above the knee.† Oh, and to make you moan and groan even more, â€Å"The inseam of your shorts has to be, at the very least, 4 inches long.† So they are trying to tell me and the rest of the student body that we can only wear long shorts? Is it just me, or does that bulls*** sound like an oxymoron? Wouldn’t long shorts be†¦ what do you call them? Oh†¦ pants? Ha, and to make it even better, â€Å"All pants and shorts must be worn on the waist.† What about above the waist? Some kids are poor, you know, and have to wear large ass pants to school. They can’t punish them for being poor now, can they? Well? Now, what if I want to wear my pants around my chest? That’s a â€Å"nerd† style, and nerds are usually pretty darn tootin’ smart. Are the schools now suddenly into punishing smart people who are doing well in school and hope to maybe move on to better things in life, such as, I don’t know, college? Would Steve UrkelShow MoreRelatedThe School Dress Code Is One Of The Most Enforced School Policies Of All Time For Students932 Words   |  4 PagesThe school dress code is one of the most enforced school policies of all time for students of any age and gender. Of course, everyone has an opinion about what clothing is up to par in society; however, according to the school system, middle school and high school girls are all, how the students put it, whorish. Because of this label, there are very specific rules, right down to the T, about what students can and cannot wear while on school grounds. 1. Skirts, dresses, and shorts cannot be moreRead MoreUniforms Codes Should Not Be Disruptive1668 Words   |  7 PagesSchools enjoy saying that their students are free to express themselves through their clothing; however they do stress the importance that while students express themselves, the garments should not be disruptive to the class environment. The big question is, what is â€Å"disruptive† and what isn’t. Is a girl wearing a tank top to combat the warm weather disruptive, or is a boy wearing a blatantly offensive shirt disruptive to their peers learning? Or is a student wearing a religious item, such as a hijabRead MoreArgument Against School Uniforms Should Not Be Banned1556 Words   |  7 PagesArgument Against School Uniforms My disagreement against school dress code is that public schools should not make the student go to school uniforms. Students should be able to wear any appropriate clothing they want to wear. School uniforms are not the way to be unsuccessful in education. School uniforms are a waste of time to have in a public school system. Teachers should make the students go home and change into school appropriate clothes. Public schools should give students a chance on what theyRead MoreEssay on Arguments for School Dress Codes820 Words   |  4 PagesEnsuing President Bill Clintons State of the Union address in January of 1996, more and more public schools are implementing dress codes and uniform policies in their schools. As a result, there has been an increase in legal controversies dealing with the issue. The reason that dress codes are not conclusively enforced is due to the application of the First Amendment to juveniles in the public school setting. The First Amendment states that Congre ss shall make no law respecting an establishment ofRead MoreSchool Uniforms Should Be Required For Their Freedom Of Expression1548 Words   |  7 PagesSchool uniforms were first introduced in England, in the 16th century. In the beginning it was only for charity purposes, but clothing started to have a different meaning throughout the centuries. The early purposes of wearing school uniforms were not much different than that of today’s. Same clothing can represent togetherness and may also help students no to get distracted. This research paper will take a closer look at why schools should mandate such a policy, supported by details and statisticsRead MoreEssay about Dress Codes in School can Decrease Bullying823 Words   |  4 PagesEffect of Dress Code in Schools Dress code is put into place to keep students from being bullied for how they dress and how some people may treat them different depending on what they wear. There is a lot of evidence that show students losing time in the class room because they are too worried about there personal apparel. David Brunsma, a sociologist who wrote Uniforms in Public Schools: A Decade of Research and Debate in 2005, says, â€Å"Dress codes and school uniforms increase school safety by eliminatingRead MoreSchool Uniforms And Its Effect On Self Image1548 Words   |  7 PagesMost commonly found in private schools, school uniforms are slowly being adopted by public schools in the US. In the 2003-2004 school year every one in eight schools required uniforms; in the 2011-2012 school year that number had increased to every one in five schools (ProCon.org). As violence increased, schools started enforcing uniforms thinking that it would solve the violence. School uniforms were created in England in the 16th century for students referred to as the â€Å"charity children† (ProConRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of School Uniforms791 Words   |  4 PagesStates have the school uniform policy (research conducted in 2017). This means that one-fifth of the country’s students who are in school are not allowed to wear their own clothes. The statistics indicate that a majority of the United States disappro ve of school uniforms since the percentage remains low. The topic about school uniforms has created two sides of the issue. Some believe that students should wear school uniforms to provide an equal learning environment. Those who oppose school uniforms believeRead MoreSchool Uniforms: Should Everyone Look Like Clones? Essay920 Words   |  4 PagesAre school uniforms good or bad? This is an issue that has been going on for years. There are many different reasons for school uniforms. Some say having a school uniform helps to prevent violence and others say it prevents originality. Some also say it’ll help lower or rise the cost for parents. A common argument today is whether or not uniforms should be enforced in the public school system. One main reason public schools have uniforms / dress code is because in 1996, President Clinton allowedRead MoreThe Bright Side Of School Uniforms. Education In The United1597 Words   |  7 PagesThe Bright Side of School Uniforms Education in the United States from Kindergarten all the way to 12th grade is known for its free education system. That’s right, students all over the country are given the opportunity to retrieve a high school diploma for free. Education in this country is so important that schools around the country are pushing their board of education to propose the policy of school uniforms nationwide, as they believe school uniforms have a very beneficial and positive effect